Diaper dermatitis, also known as diaper rash, is an inflammation of the skin. It manifests itself as sores in the diaper area. Diaper dermatitis mainly affects babies and toddlers who are still wearing diapers. Slight skin irritation can cause the skin to soften and result in minor injuries. Fungal colonization is also possible. This is known as diaper thrush.
You can find further information and selected diaper dermatitis specialists here.
Diaper dermatitis is widespread among infants and toddlers. Two thirds of all diapered children suffer from diaper dermatitis at least once, but usually more frequently.
However, fully breastfed babies are less affected. People who have to wear protective pants due to fecal or urinary incontinence can also be affected by diaper dermatitis.
Diaper dermatitis can be mild or more severe.
Diaper rash occurs in the diaper area. Skin irritation occurs mainly in the anal area, but also in the genital area. Areas that are covered by the diaper are most affected, including
In rare cases, diaper dermatitis can also extend to the back and lower abdomen. Diaper dermatitis is rarely found in deep skin folds. Here the diaper has no direct contact with the skin.
Diaper dermatitis causes
Not all of these symptoms necessarily occur with diaper dermatitis. However, they can all indicate this disease.
The painful areas on the affected skin regions are very unpleasant for babies and children. They are therefore often in a bad mood. Many children cry more often and react to touch (e.g. when changing diapers) on the affected areas of skin.
There are many different causes of diaper dermatitis.
In general, heat build-up and moisture, which are prevalent in modern diapers, are responsible. In particular, the frequent emptying of the bladder in babies causes a so-called "wet chamber". This irritates the skin.
The urea in the urine splits into ammonia due to alkaline decomposition. This increases the pH value, which is comparable to constantly washing your hands with soap. This makes the skin more susceptible to bacteria.
Other causes include
Under certain circumstances, intolerances can trigger diaper rash. Possible causes include
It is rare, but possible, for intolerances to a particular type of diaper to cause diaper dermatitis. The diaper dermatitis disappears when the type of diaper is changed.
Diaper dermatitis can lead to a number of complications.
For example, a secondary infection with yeasts of the Candida group (e.g. Candida albicans) is possible. This fungal disease is then known as diaper thrush. The fungus can continue to spread to the intestines. Such a fungal infection usually causes whitish-yellowish blisters or nodules.
A scaly rash (seborrheic dermatitis) can also occur as a result of diaper rash. Rarely, but possible under certain circumstances, the symptoms of diaper dermatitis can also occur on
may occur.
In extreme cases, large areas of skin may be affected. If the fungal infection is treated with cortisone, the skin tissue may also atrophy. The skin then becomes thinner and more susceptible to further skin irritation.
As part of the diagnosis, the doctor discusses the symptoms with the parents of the affected child. This is followed by an examination of the symptoms.
If an infection with bacteria or yeast is also suspected, the doctor will usually take a swab. The tissue sample is then examined microbiologically.
In addition, the doctor must rule out other diseases with similar symptoms. These include, for example
After diaper dermatitis has been diagnosed, you should not use
on the child. Soft, clean cotton cloths and warm water are suitable for cleaning.
If ointments are absolutely necessary, you should use pastes that absorb moisture. One option would be soft zinc oxide pastes, for example. Apply these in a thin layer to the affected areas of skin. The pastes can also be made with kerosene oil or cod liver oil. This makes them easier to apply and protects the irritated skin.
It may help to change the diaper brand or switch to cloth diapers.
If the child also suffers from diaper thrush, you should consult a doctor. He or she will prescribe a special paste (antifungal) against the fungus. In severe cases, treatment with a mildly effective hydrocortisone is also possible.
If intestinal candidiasis is suspected, the stool will be examined for fungi. The intestine is then treated accordingly.
Bacterial infections are usually treated with an antibiotic.
Use all textiles that may come into contact with fungi or bacteria only once. You should then wash them as boil wash. This kills the pathogens and prevents re-infection.
Fungal or bacterial infections should be treated consistently. Continue treatment for a few days after the symptoms have disappeared. Otherwise, diaper dermatitis can quickly recur with possible complications.
As a rule, diaper dermatitis that is detected early heals within a few days. However, if it is more advanced, a diaper rash can sometimes last for several weeks.
If diaper dermatitis is not treated or not treated sufficiently, it can also affect other parts of the body.
If diaper dermatitis occurs more frequently or if preventive measures do not help, the child's general state of health should be examined. The child could suffer from
disease.
Many parents swear by naturopathic treatment for diaper dermatitis. The remedy of choice here is camomile. Also suitable are
These medicinal herbs have a healing, fungicidal and drying effect. Only in severe cases should you use a cream such as Multilind (contains fungicidal nystatin).
The most important measure to prevent diaper rash is to change the diaper regularly. It is best to change diapers immediately after a bowel movement, but at the latest after three to four hours.
The diaper should fit loosely to prevent heat build-up.
Be sparing with washing and washing additives. The skin should not swell, especially in the first few months of life.
Avoid care products with fragrances and preservatives, especially if your child is prone to skin irritation.
A gentle almond or olive oil is suitable for removing dirt or ointment residues.
Clean the diaper area carefully. Then dry the entire area as well as the inside of the thighs and all skin folds thoroughly.
As a breastfeeding mother, you should avoid acidic and spicy foods. Children should also not be given such foods while they are wearing diapers.
The best way to avoid diaper dermatitis is not to wear a diaper. Let your baby or toddler kick or walk around without a diaper as often as possible and not for too short a time.
