assoc. Prof. PD Dr. 
Markus Klinger MBA, FEBVS

assoc. Prof. PD Dr. Markus Klinger MBA, FEBVS

Medical author
assoc. Prof. PD Dr. Markus Klinger MBA, FEBVS

Editorial Contributions

Therapy

Carotid surgery

Narrowed carotid arteries are among the most significant risk factors for stroke. Carotid surgery, meaning an operation on these vessels, can significantly reduce this risk. In this article, you will learn when and why this surgery is advisable, what procedures are available, and what you should kee...

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Diseases

Nutcracker syndrome

Nutcracker syndrome (also known as nutcracker phenomenon) is a rare vascular condition in which there is a narrowing of the left renal vein. This vein carries blood from the left kidney back to the heart. When it becomes compressed — much like a nut in a nutcracker — between the main art...

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Diseases

Dunbar syndrome (ligamentum arcuatum medianum syndrome)

Dunbar syndrome, also known as median arcuate ligament syndrome, is a rare vascular condition in which a band in the abdominal cavity — the median arcuate ligament — compresses a major artery and causes symptoms. The affected artery, the celiac trunk, supplies blood to organs such as the...

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