CLL (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia): Information & Specialists

This type of blood cancer often progresses relatively slowly. It is classified as an indolent—that is, less aggressive—lymphoma. In the Western world, chronic lymphocytic leukemia is considered the most common form.

The disease usually occurs after the age of 75; statistically speaking, cases in younger patients are less common.

In leukemia (blood cancer), malignant white blood cells come to dominate the blood composition. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is diagnosed when there are more than 5,000 malignant B cells per microliter of blood.

Symptoms do not always occur, and when they do, they can vary widely. For this reason, the disease often goes undetected for a very long time. It is frequently discovered by chance during other medical examinations.

Nevertheless, some typical symptoms may occur:

• Swollen lymph nodes, especially in the armpits or groin
• Enlargement of the liver and spleen, resulting in pain
• Fatigue and reduced energy levels
• Pale skin, as well as
• Increased susceptibility to infections

Especially in the early stages, fever or night sweats may also occur.

Exactly how this disease develops is not yet fully understood.

Genetic changes that occur over the course of a person’s life appear to play a major role. Certain environmental toxins and pesticides are also suspected of contributing to the development of this disease. Last but not least, age is a factor, as CLL predominantly affects older adults.

Illustration of red and abnormal white blood cells © Jennifer | AdobeStock

CLL does not necessarily require immediate treatment. This also depends on the patient’s symptoms.

In many cases, doctors monitor the disease and initially wait to see if further symptoms develop. The often relatively slow progression of this disease also allows time for observation.

However, if blood test results show a deterioration during follow-up visits, doctors will initiate treatment. The same applies if the patient has severe symptoms.

In such cases, chemotherapy is used. In most cases, this successfully alleviates the symptoms. Those affected may then remain symptom-free for a very long time.

Chemotherapy is also used in younger patients. In such cases, however, the dose is significantly higher than in older people. Here, too, the cancer cells are usually successfully combated.

In addition, there are other methods. However, their effectiveness has not yet been fully proven or researched.

These include, for example, stem cell therapy. Younger people in particular could benefit from it, as the disease may be curable in the best-case scenario.

Chemotherapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) can be taken in the form of tablets or administered as an infusion @ tonefotografia /AdobeStock

The prognosis always depends on the following factors:

• Individual course of the disease
• Age and
• The patient’s overall health

Although the disease usually progresses rather slowly, in some cases it can take an aggressive course. People with chronic lymphocytic leukemia can usually live very well and, in many cases, even symptom-free.

In most cases, the disease does not interfere with the patient’s professional life, as the patient is fully capable of working.

However, during a phase of CLL treatment, patients may experience temporary fatigue and exhaustion. The body then needs an appropriate period of rest.

In addition to the actual treatment, every patient can also do something to benefit themselves and their body. Exercise strengthens the immune system. A balanced diet can also play an important role in managing symptoms.