Palliative care for colon cancer: specialists & information

Palliative medicine refers to medicine in the last phase of life that alleviates the suffering of patients and provides emotional support for them and their relatives. For patients with colon cancer, this is the case when the tumor and its metastases cannot be removed and there are no further options.

Here you will find further information as well as selected specialists and centers for palliative care for colon cancer.

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Article overview

Palliative care in colonic carcinoma - Further information

Definition and aims of palliative care

Palliative medicine is the holistic treatment of patients with advanced illnesses and a limited life expectancy. This means that a cure is no longer possible and the patient will die from their illness in the foreseeable future.

Palliative care accompanies the patient during this time. It has the following goals, modified according to the WHO:

  • Control of pain and reduction of suffering,
  • Inclusion of the patient's psychological and spiritual wishes,
  • Involvement of the family environment,
  • care and support at the hour of death.

After the patient's death, palliative care offers relatives help in dealing with the loss.

When does the palliative care stage of a colon cancer patient's illness begin?

There are no definitive laboratory or imaging diagnostic criteria for colon carcinoma that indicate the initiation of a palliative care phase of the disease.

However, the following list summarizes some of the characteristics:

Relative signs that the tumor could not be completely eliminated by previous therapies are

  • Tumor expansion,
  • tumor constriction of the intestine and
  • metastasis.

These signs indicate that the patient may be facing a palliative phase of the disease and death.

Complaints of patients with colon carcinoma during the palliative phase of the disease

  • Constipation(constipation),
  • Nausea and vomiting,
  • heartburn,
  • distended abdomen, e.g. due to abdominal fluid (ascites) or air in the bowel,
  • Pain, both visceral and neuropathic,
  • emaciation (cachexia),
  • Loneliness,
  • despair.

The patient's needs during the palliative care phase of colon cancer

Contemporary medicine is very technically oriented. However, especially in the palliative phase of the disease, technical treatment procedures are not the main focus. The focus here is more on comprehensive general care, even outside of palliative care units.

Treatment is based on the signs of illness on the list above. However, many patients have a strong desire to talk. The fact that this desire in particular is more difficult to fulfill than in the past is due to the reduction in staff and the high level of bureaucratization in the healthcare system.

Schwer kranke Frau im Krankenhausbett
In palliative care for colon cancer, human closeness is more important than further treatment © Photographee.eu | AdobeStock

Patients know how they are doing by observing themselves and changing the behavior of their caregivers. The hope of getting rid of the tumor is in the foreground for a long time. However, it then turns into the wish not to have to suffer in the last phase of life. They are particularly in need of spiritual support from counselors or family.

Technical treatments, such as an abdominal puncture or blood transfusion, should only be carried out with the aim of reducing suffering.

With a living will, or even better with a power of attorney, the patient can determine

  • what treatment should still take place and
  • what should be omitted,

if he is confused. Sick people also feel secure if they know that their death will be made easier, e.g. through terminal sedation, and that their loved ones will be cared for.

References

  • Aulbert, F.; Nauck, F.; Radbruch, L. (Hrsg.): Lehrbuch der Palliativmedizin. 2. Auflage. Schattauer-Verlag Stuttgart 2007
  • Bausewein, C.; Roller, S.; Voltz, R.: Leitfaden Palliativmedizin. 3. Auflage. Urban und Fischer-Verlag München 2007
  • Pott, G.: Koloskopie-Atlas. 2. Auflage. Schattauer-Verlag Stuttgart 2004
  • Pott, G. (Hrsg.); Domagk , D.; Holtmann, M.; Sahm, S.: Palliativmedizinische Gastroenterologie. Schattauer-Verlag Stuttgart 2010
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