Selected OB-GYNs and Information on Gynecology

Gynecology specialists are generally referred to as board-certified specialists in gynecology and obstetrics (gynecologists or women’s health doctors). To qualify, aspiring gynecologists must complete at least five years of specialized training.

Through prescribed examinations and treatments, gynecologists gain experience in the following areas:

• Women’s health conditions
• Family planning, and
• Prenatal care

The range of services provided by gynecologists includes:

• Conservative and surgical treatment of diseases of the female reproductive organs and the breast

• Early detection of gynecological tumors (e.g., breast cancer), determining the need for radiation therapy, and follow-up care for women with gynecological tumors

• Pregnancy confirmation, prenatal care, diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy-related conditions, high-risk pregnancies, labor and delivery care, and postpartum care

• Diagnosis and treatment of postpartum urinary incontinence, and instruction in pelvic floor exercises

• Determining the need for plastic surgery and reconstructive procedures in the female genital area and breast

• Diagnosis and treatment of premenstrual syndrome

• Disorders of the female menstrual cycle and ovaries, including basic treatment of female infertility

• Family planning and contraception, as well as sexual counseling for women and couples

• Counseling for pregnancy-related conflicts and determination of indications for termination of pregnancy

• Prevention and treatment of osteoporosis

In addition, gynecologists can further specialize to become board-certified specialists in obstetrics and gynecology.

The following areas of specialization are available:

• Specialization in Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine: Diagnosis and treatment of hormonal (endocrine and neuroendocrine) and fertility-related disorders, as well as congenital anomalies of the internal genitalia during the various stages of a woman’s development
• Specialization in Gynecologic Oncology: Diagnosis and treatment of malignant diseases of the female genital tract and the breast
• Specialization in Specialized Obstetrics and Perinatal Medicine: Diagnosis and treatment of maternal and fetal conditions, invasive and surgical procedures, and initial care for at-risk newborns

The treatment of gender-specific conditions in women should be entrusted to experienced gynecologists. Depending on the severity and cause of the condition, treatment at specialized gynecological clinics may be advisable.

Important conditions treated by gynecologists include:

• Breast conditions: mastitis, breast cancer, breast inflammation
• Uterine conditions: uterine inflammation, cervical cancer, uterine cancer, uterine prolapse, fibroids, and endometriosis
• Ovarian and fallopian tube disorders: ovarian cancer, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), ovarian cysts
• Hormonal and menstrual cycle disorders: premenstrual syndrome, menstrual cramps, infertility, female sexual dysfunction, menopausal symptoms (climacteric)
• Vaginal disorders: vaginitis, vaginal yeast infection, vaginal prolapse, vaginal cancer
• Pregnancy-related conditions: preeclampsia
• Urinary tract disorders

Every gynecological examination typically begins with a medical history and a clinical examination of the lower abdomen.

The patient lies on a gynecological chair with her legs elevated and spread apart. Meanwhile, the doctor examines the internal and external genitalia for changes and abnormalities (palpation, visual inspection). 

Using a speculum, the doctor spreads the vaginal walls to examine the vagina and the cervix. A swab is taken from the surface of the mucous membrane to test for fungi and tumor cells. The doctor also palpates the breasts and lymph nodes.

If necessary, additional modern diagnostic procedures are used, such as:

• Ultrasound examination of the breast or other organs
• Mammography (X-ray examination of the breast) for the early detection of breast cancer (breast carcinoma)
• Hysteroscopy to examine the inside of the uterus using an endoscope inserted through the vagina

Mammography exam @ LIGHTFIELD STUDIOS /AdobeStock

Treatment options in gynecology can be divided into conservative treatments and surgical treatments.

Conservative treatment methods primarily involve the administration of medications. 

Examples include:

• hormones for hormonal imbalances, menopausal symptoms, or contraception (hormone therapy),
• antibiotics for bacterial infections, or
• chemotherapy drugs for cancer

Gynecological clinics or centers use radiation therapy to treat cancer. Physical therapy and exercises are used, among other things, to treat uterine prolapse.

However, surgery plays a particularly important role in gynecology.

Typical surgical procedures performed at gynecological clinics and centers include:

• Scraping of the uterine cavity (curettage, abrasion)
• Removal of the uterus (hysterectomy)
• Tubal ligation for sterilization
• Ovarian cyst removal via minimally invasive surgery (keyhole surgery, laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy)
• Myomectomy and resection of endometriosis
• Tumor surgery
• Breast surgery

It is not possible to designate a clinic as the “best clinic” or “top clinic” for gynecology. There are doctors and clinics that specialize in treating gender-specific conditions in women.

As a result, they have extensive experience. You can find these experts in women’s health / gynecology in the Leading Medicine Guide.

The Leading Medicine Guide features only select, highly qualified medical experts and specialists. All doctors possess a high level of professional expertise and extensive experience in the field of gynecology. They all meet the Leading Medicine Guide’s strict admission criteria.