Chronic wounds - information and specialists

Chronic wounds are a serious medical problem that affects many people. These wounds do not heal within the normal timeframe and can lead to significant health problems. Patients, relatives and medical laypersons are often looking for clear and precise information on this topic.

In this article, you will learn everything you need to know about chronic wounds, their symptoms, causes, diagnosis and treatment options. You will also find selected specialists for the treatment of chronic wounds.

What are chronic wounds?

Chronic wounds are wounds that do not heal for more than 8 weeks. They are caused by various factors and often lead to long-lasting pain and considerable restrictions in the daily lives of those affected. Frequently affected areas are the legs, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus or circulatory disorders.

Symptoms

Chronic wounds show typical symptoms that those affected should take seriously:

• Long-lasting pain in the wound
• Swelling and redness around the wound
• Discharge of wound fluid or pus
• Discoloration of the skin
• Odor development from the wound

Causes & risk factors for chronic wounds

There are many causes of chronic wounds. The most common include

• Circulatory disorders: Poor circulation, as with leg ulcers (open leg), leads to insufficient supply of nutrients and oxygen to the skin.
• Diabetes mellitus: Diabetes can significantly impair wound healing.
• Pressure ulcers: Also known as decubitus ulcers, these are caused by prolonged pressure on certain parts of the body, often in bedridden patients.

A leg ulcer is a deep, usually weeping wound in the area of the lower leg @ srisakorn /AdobeStock

Examination & diagnosis

Chronic wounds are diagnosed using various examination methods:

• Clinical examination: the doctor assesses the appearance of the wound, its size and the condition of the surrounding skin.
• Imaging techniques: Ultrasound or X-rays may be used to check the depth of the wound and any bone involvement.
• Blood tests: These help to identify underlying conditions such as diabetes mellitus.
• Wound swab: A swab can be taken to identify infectious agents.

General information on treatment

The treatment of chronic wounds requires a holistic approach and cooperation between various specialists:

• Wound cleansing and care: Regular cleaning and special dressings promote healing.
• Drug treatment: Antibiotics against infections and drugs to improve circulation.
• Surgical interventions: In some cases, surgery is necessary to remove dead tissue.
• Compression therapy: This method can be particularly helpful in cases of circulatory disorders.
• Nutritional advice: A balanced diet supports wound healing.

Pressure ul cers are pressure sores caused by lying or sitting for long periods @ logo3in1 /AdobeStock

Progression and prognosis

The course of chronic wounds depends heavily on the cause and treatment:

• Cause-dependent: Wounds caused by easily treatable causes such as pressure ulcers often have a better prognosis.
• Avoid complications: Infection and further circulatory problems must be avoided to aid healing.
• Long-term care: Regular visits to the doctor and consistent wound care are crucial.

Chronic wounds require wound care by specialists @ Trip /AdobeStock

Conclusion

Chronic wounds are a serious challenge, but there is no need to despair. With the right diagnosis and a comprehensive treatment plan, many wounds can be successfully healed. If you suspect you have a chronic wound, you should see a doctor immediately to begin appropriate treatment. Take care of your health and don't be discouraged - modern medical procedures offer numerous options for successful treatment.